Stuart Cameron
I am an independent researcher and advisor on education and international development. I am interested in how education systems around the world can be made fairer and more inclusive as they expand. My expertise includes mixed methods research, evaluation of education programmes, urban poverty, policies on access and inclusion, school improvement programmes, and data analysis and visualization.
My work
... has been quite diverse, spanning international organizations, academia and consultancy since 2003. I have worked in Bangladesh, France, India, Italy, Nigeria, the UK and the US. Here is my CV. Some key areas I have worked on include:
'Leaving no one behind' and out-of-school children
Access to basic education in developing countries is sometimes seen as a solved problem. But in the lowest income countries, large numbers of children remain out of school or unable to complete even primary school. As of 2021, some 250 million children, adolescents and youth remain out of school. Dramatic progress was made in expanding educational opportunities between the 1990s and 2010, but since then, progress on access has slowed to a near halt. My work has asked what this means for international support from the Global Partnership for Education, and I supported UNICEF and UNESCO's Out-of-School Children Initiative in several countries across East Asia, the Pacific, the Middle East and North Africa. I was part of the UNESCO report team who wrote Reaching the Marginalized which examined barriers facing the most marginalized groups around the world and ways to overcome them.
- Leaving no one behind: transforming education systems, equitably and inclusively (blog)
- Counted, participating, achieving: equitable and inclusive systems that leave no one behind (Paper for the Transforming Education Summit, 2022)
- Learning Against the Odds: Evidence and Policies to Support All Out-of-School Children and Adolescents in East Asia and Pacific. (UNICEF East Asia & the Pacific Regional Office)
- Reaching the marginalized: Education for All Global Monitoring Report (UNESCO, 2010)
Measuring equity and inclusion in education
It is increasingly important to understand the effects on equity of policy and programmes in education, yet there is little agreement on how best to do this. Evaluations often do not disaggregate impact except by gender. Data availability remains sparse for many marginalized groups, including children with disabilities. My work for the Global Partnership for Education has tracked the availability of disability-disaggregated education statistics, while work for the UNESCO Institute for Statistics has provided a conceptual framework for measuring equity in education.
- Handbook on measuring equity in education (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2018)
- Household survey data on disability and education in GPE partner countries. (Global Partnership for Education, 2022)
- Equity, educational access and learning outcomes in MENA (UNICEF Middle East and North Africa Regional Office)
Mixed-methods evaluations of teaching and learning programs
I led evaluations of the Teacher Development Programme and Education Sector Support Programme in Nigeria (ESSPIN), both major UK aid-funded school improvement programmes in Nigeria, and advised on several other such programs. These evaluations revealed how children in many areas were ending primary school without learning basic reading or mathematics skills. Teacher in-service training and better school management saw some success, with better teaching methods being used in classrooms, but weren't always able to overcome fundamental problems around language of instruction, teacher language skills, and low capacity to deal with children's diverse learning needs.
- Teacher Development Programme [Nigeria] – endline evaluation (Oxford Policy Management, 2018)
- ESSPIN Composite Survey 3: overall report (pdf) (Oxford Policy Management, 2016)
Education and urban poverty
People living in poverty and in cities remain a neglected group in many countries, affected by bad housing, high costs of education, dangerous journeys to school, and subtle forms of exclusion from local schools. As part of the Consortium for Research on Educational Access, Transitions and Equity (CREATE), for my doctoral research, and as a research fellow for UNICEF's Innocenti Office of Research, I worked with poor urban communities in Bangladesh to understand the barriers they were facing to accessing a good education.
- Cameron 2016 Urban inequality, social exclusion and schooling in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education.
- Education, urban poverty and migration: evidence from Bangladesh and Vietnam (UNICEF Innocenti working papers, 2012)
- The urban divide: poor and middle-class children’s experiences of school in Dhaka, Bangladesh (UNICEF Innocenti working papers, 2012).
- Cameron 2011 Whether and where to enrol? Choosing a primary school in the slums of urban Dhaka, Bangladesh International Journal of Educational Development 31(4): 357-366.
- Access to and exclusion from primary education in slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh (pdf) (CREATE, 2010)
- Education for the urban poor in Bangladesh (pdf) (CREATE Policy Brief, 2010)
- Education decisions in the slums of Dhaka (pdf) (Presented at BAICE conference, 2008)
Savings groups and education
Many international NGOs fund savings groups to try and give poor communities in developing countries better control over their financial resources. Together with Eric Ananga, University of Education, Winneba, I carried out a qualitative study for Plan International on how people in two communities in Ghana were using these groups to support their children's education.
- Cameron and Ananga 2013 Savings Groups and Educational Investments (pdf) (Plan International)
- Cameron and Ananga 2015 Savings groups, livelihoods and education: two case studies in Ghana. Journal of International Development
Development Timelines
I use Python, Javascript, Stata and R to create tools and dashboards for data measurement, analysis, and visualization. Development Timelines is an app for visualizing international development indicators over time against the backdrop of historical events such as changes in education policy, financial crises, and conflict.
Bibliography
- (forthcoming in 2023) Inclusive education in GPE partner countries: a mapping of donor support.
- (2023) Leaving no one behind: transforming education systems, equitably and inclusively. Working Paper, Global Partnership for Education.
- (2022) Household survey data on disability and education in GPE partner countries. Working Paper, Global Partnership for Education.
- (2019, with colleagues) Learning Against the Odds: Evidence and Policies to Support All Out-of-School Children and Adolescents in East Asia and Pacific. UNICEF East Asia & Pacific.
- (2018, with colleagues) Setting out a conceptual framework for measuring equity in learning. Handbook on Measuring Equity in Education. UNESCO Institute for Statistics.
- (2018, with colleagues) Teacher Development Programme [Nigeria] – Endline Evaluation
- (2018) Tracking, selection, and exams: Identifying sources of exclusion in public education systems in developing countries. Paper presented at the Comparative and International Education Society (CIES) annual conference, Mexico City, March, 2018.
- (2017) Measuring learning and equity across and within countries. Paper presented at the UK Forum for International Education and Training (UKFIET) Conference, Oxford, September, 2017.
- (2016, with colleagues) ESSPIN Composite Survey 3: Overall report. Oxford Policy Management. (pdf)
- (2016) Urban inequality, social exclusion and schooling in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Compare: A Journal of Comparative and International Education.
- (2016) Teacher motivation in developing countries. Paper presented at the British Association for International and Comparative Education conference, Nottingham, September, 2016.
- (2015, with ESSPIN colleagues) Improving school quality at scale. Paper presented at the UK Forum for International Education and Training (UKFIET) Conference, Oxford, September, 2015.
- (2015) ESSPIN Composite Survey 2: Overall report
- (2015) Scaling up early childhood development without sacrificing equity. Paper presented at the UK Forum for International Education and Training (UKFIET) Conference, Oxford, September, 2015.
- (UNICEF MENA 2015) Equity, Educational Access and Learning Outcomes in MENA.
- (2015) Do all children learn equally: inequalities in learning outcomes (in Nigeria and Tanzania). Paper presented at the Development Studies Association (DSA) Conference, Bath, September, 2015.
- (2015, with E. Ananga) Savings groups, livelihoods and education: two case studies in Ghana. Journal of International Development. DOI: 10.1002/jid.3067.
- (2013) Education and urban poverty: how little do we know? Paper presented at the UK Forum for International Education and Training (UKFIET) Conference, Oxford, September, 2013.
- (2012) Education, urban poverty and migration: evidence from Bangladesh and Vietnam. Innocenti working papers 2012-15. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF).
- (2012) The urban divide: poor and middle-class children’s experiences of school in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Innocenti working papers 2012-08. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
- (2012) Education, urban poverty, and rural-urban migration. Paper presented at the conference of the British Association of International and Comparative Education (BAICE), Cambridge, 8-10 September, 2012.
- (2011) Whether and where to enrol? Choosing a primary school in the slums of urban Dhaka, Bangladesh. International Journal of Educational Development 31(4): 357-366.
- (2010) Access to and exclusion from primary education in slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. CREATE Pathways to Access research monographs, no. 45. (pdf) Republished as chapter 5 in Manzoor Ahmed (ed., 2011) Education in Bangladesh. Overcoming hurdles to equity with quality. BRAC University Press.
- (2010) Education for the urban poor in Bangladesh. CREATE Policy Brief, no. 1. (pdf)
- (2009, with A. Hossain, M.A. Kalam, L. Uddin and M. Ahmed) CREATE Bangladesh: Community and School Study (COMSS) Baseline Report. Consortium for Research on Education Access, Transitions and Equity (CREATE)
- (2009) Education in slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Paper presented at the 10th UKFIET International Conference on Education and Development.
- (2008) Education decisions in the slums of Dhaka. Paper presented at the conference of the British Association of International and Comparative Education (BAICE), 4-6 September 2008, Glasgow. (pdf)
- (2007, with G. Wisker and M. Antoniou) Reshaping English: a case study of the development of discipline identity at a UK university. Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Society for Research into Higher Education (SRHE), December 2007, and published by the Higher Education Academy.
- (2006, with J. Cameron): Economic benefits of literacy. Background paper for the Education For All Global Monitoring Report 2006 (pdf). Republished as 'Economic benefits of adult literacy interventions'. Journal of Educational Planning and Administration, Vol. 29, No. 4 (October 2005)
- (2006, with G. Gotsadze and K. Zoidze) Health in transition countries: an overview. Article for the International Hospital Federation 2006 Reference Book.
- (2006) Attempts by civil society groups to monitor health services for signs of corruption. Article for the Transparency International 2006 Global Corruption Report.
- (2002) Education in India: a background. Development in Action, Spring 2002.
Links
Contact
stuartjcameron at outlook dot com